H. Zainal Arifin Abbas' Perspectives on Islamic Religious Education

Abstract

This study explores the intellectual tradition of North Sumatran scholars, focusing on the life, thoughts, and contributions of H. Zainal Arifin Abbas. The research aims to analyze his intellectual biography, key ideas, and their relevance in the contemporary context. Using a qualitative approach with a biographical study method, data was collected through document analysis, interviews, and observations. The findings show that H. Zainal Arifin Abbas was born on March 12, 1912 (23 Rabiul Awal 1330) in Kampung Lalang and passed away on September 16, 1979. As a prominent scholar in North Sumatra, he was deeply engaged in education, serving as a teacher, mentor, and academic figure. His scholarly contributions also extended to writing, producing various works on Islamic thought. His ideas encompass multiple fields, including Islamic education (covering educational objectives, the role of educators, students, teaching methods, and curriculum), religious thought (parental responsibilities, female leadership in Islam, and the relationship between religion and philosophy), historical analysis (studies on the life of Prophet Muhammad), political perspectives (the interaction between religion and the state, and the stance on electing non-Muslim leaders), artistic thought (the role of qasidah in Islam), and Sufism. H. Zainal Arifin Abbas made significant contributions to society, particularly in education, politics, military service, Islamic preaching (dakwah), and economic development. His intellectual legacy remains relevant in contemporary Islamic discourse, offering insights into the intersection of religion, education, and social issues.