Peran dan Implementasi AATHP dalam Penanggulangan Asap Lintas Negara Indonesia dan Malaysia Akibat Karhutla di Kalimantan Tahun 2019-2023
Keywords:
AATHP, Forest Fires, Transboundary Haze, Indonesia, MalaysiaAbstract
Transboundary haze originating from forest and land fires in Kalimantan has become a recurring environmental issue with wide-ranging impacts, particularly for Malaysian regions such as Sabah and Sarawak. To address this problem, ASEAN countries established the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution (AATHP) as a regional cooperation framework. This study aims to analyze the implementation of AATHP as a regional instrument in addressing transboundary haze between Indonesia and Malaysia from 2019 to 2023. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review and analysis based on the concepts of non-traditional security and international regime theory. The results indicate that although AATHP provides a clear legal framework and coordination mechanism, its implementation is still constrained by weak law enforcement, imbalances in national interests, as well as technical and political obstacles. Indonesia has demonstrated commitment through national policies and regional cooperation, yet continues to face significant challenges, particularly related to land-clearing practices by companies. Meanwhile, Malaysia, as an affected country, actively promotes strengthening the implementation of AATHP at the ASEAN level. Therefore, it is necessary to reinforce political commitment and intergovernmental coordination to achieve the ASEAN goal of a haze-free region.
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